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The Judicial Vault · Constitutional History

THE TOP 10 CASES

Causations of Constitutional Necessity

Before a landmark decision, there was a person, a law, and a constitutional conflict. Enter each case to follow the people, circumstances, arguments, judgments and consequences. Original records take precedence over slogans.

Explore the case files01—10
Roe v. Wade editorial case artwork
01 · 1973

Roe v. Wade

Texas abortion law, constitutional liberty, and a ruling later overturned.

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Brown v. Board of Education editorial case artwork
02 · 1954

Brown v. Board of Education

Public school segregation and the Equal Protection Clause.

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Marbury v. Madison editorial case artwork
03 · 1803

Marbury v. Madison

An undelivered commission and the power of judicial review.

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Miranda v. Arizona editorial case artwork
04 · 1966

Miranda v. Arizona

Custodial interrogation and the Fifth Amendment.

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Gideon v. Wainwright editorial case artwork
05 · 1963

Gideon v. Wainwright

A defendant's right to counsel in state felony prosecutions.

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New York Times v. Sullivan editorial case artwork
06 · 1964

New York Times v. Sullivan

Civil-rights reporting and the constitutional law of libel.

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United States v. Nixon editorial case artwork
07 · 1974

United States v. Nixon

Executive privilege, evidence, and presidential accountability.

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Planned Parenthood v. Casey editorial case artwork
08 · 1992

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

The undue-burden standard and the evolution of Roe.

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Citizens United v. FEC editorial case artwork
09 · 2010

Citizens United v. FEC

Independent political expenditures and the First Amendment.

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Dobbs v. Jackson editorial case artwork
10 · 2022

Dobbs v. Jackson

The reversal of Roe and Casey and the question of state authority.

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How We Tell These Stories

Every full exhibit begins with the person and the legal barrier, then follows the constitutional root, path to the Court, majority and dissent, aftermath, and continuing precedent. A preview is not represented as a completed research file. Historical artwork is illustrative; primary records are identified separately within the exhibits.